Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 30, 2026

Monitoring the Assembly of a Secreted Bacterial Virulence Factor Using Site-specific Crosslinking
11:33

Monitoring the Assembly of a Secreted Bacterial Virulence Factor Using Site-specific Crosslinking

Published on: December 17, 2013

Accumulation of prolipoprotein in Escherichia coli mutants defective in protein secretion

S Hayashi, H C Wu

    Journal of Bacteriology
    |March 1, 1985
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    The Multifaceted Benefits of Protein Co-expression in Escherichia coli12:48

    The Multifaceted Benefits of Protein Co-expression in Escherichia coli

    Published on: February 5, 2015

    Characterization of Membrane Transporters by Heterologous Expression in E. coli and Production of Membrane Vesicles13:16

    Characterization of Membrane Transporters by Heterologous Expression in E. coli and Production of Membrane Vesicles

    Published on: December 31, 2019

    Related Concept Videos

    Overview of Secretory Vesicles01:33

    Overview of Secretory Vesicles

    Secretory vesicles, also known as dense core vesicles (DCVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that transport secretory proteins, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. Regulated secretory vesicles transport proteins from the trans-Golgi network to the exterior of the cell. Proteins present in regulated secretory vesicles are required to be rapidly exocytosed in large amounts upon a specific stimulus.
    Various proteins regulate the aggregation of molecules inside the secretory vesicles. Chromogranins...
    ER Retrieval Pathway01:45

    ER Retrieval Pathway

    In the secretory pathway, vesicles transport proteins from one cellular compartment to another in forward transport to deliver the protein to its correct location. Occasionally, misfolded proteins and incorrect proteins escape their original compartments, and a retrieval pathway is used to return the escaped proteins to their original compartment.
    The ER uses many checkpoints to prevent the entry of incorrectly folded or a resident protein as cargo onto a transport vesicle. These mechanisms...
    Export of Misfolded Proteins out of the ER01:32

    Export of Misfolded Proteins out of the ER

    After folding, the ER assesses the quality of secretory and membrane proteins. The correctly folded proteins are cleared by the calnexin cycle for transport to their final destination, while misfolded proteins are held back in the ER lumen. The ER chaperones attempt to unfold and refold the misfolded proteins but sometimes fail to achieve the correct native conformation. Such terminally misfolded proteins are then exported to the cytosol by ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathway for...
    Protein Translocation Machinery on the ER Membrane01:28

    Protein Translocation Machinery on the ER Membrane

    The translocon complex situated on the ER membrane is the main gateway for the protein secretory pathway. It facilitates the transport of nascent peptides into the ER lumen and their insertion into the ER membrane.
    Sec61 protein conducting channel
    In eukaryotes, the translocon complex comprises a core heterotrimeric translocator channel called the Sec61 complex. This channel includes three transmembrane proteins, Sec61α, Sec61β, and Sec61γ, and is the largest subunit of the translocon complex.
    Bacterial Translocation and Protein Secretion01:26

    Bacterial Translocation and Protein Secretion

    Bacterial protein secretion involves translocation systems to ensure proteins reach their designated locations, including the plasma membrane, periplasm, outer membrane, or the external environment. These translocation systems are vital for bacterial physiology, supporting processes like membrane assembly, enzymatic activity in the periplasm, and interactions with the external environment. The division of labor between Sec and Tat pathways ensures efficiency in handling proteins with diverse...
    Stringent Response in E. coli01:23

    Stringent Response in E. coli

    Bacterial growth is closely tied to nutrient availability, with cells proliferating exponentially under favorable conditions and entering a stationary phase when resources become scarce. This transition is mediated by a regulatory mechanism known as the stringent response, which allows bacteria to adapt to nutrient deprivation by modulating gene expression and metabolic activity.During nutrient scarcity, intracellular amino acid levels decline. It results in the accumulation of uncharged tRNAs...