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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: An Efficient Methodology to Confidently Differentiate and Characterize Fentanyl Analogs
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Fentanyl Test Strips for Harm Reduction: A Scoping Review.

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Fentanyl test strips (FTSs) show high accuracy for detecting fentanyl in illicit drugs. However, more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness in preventing overdoses and promoting behavior change.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pharmacology
  • Drug Safety

Background:

  • High-potency synthetic opioids like fentanyl are increasingly contaminating illicit drug supplies in North America.
  • Fentanyl test strips (FTSs) are utilized as a harm reduction strategy for overdose prevention.
  • Existing evidence supporting FTS for harm reduction requires comprehensive summarization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the available evidence on the use of fentanyl test strips (FTSs) as a harm reduction tool.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of FTSs in overdose prevention and related behavioral changes.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Ovid Embase, and Web of Science in March 2023.
  • A two-stage review process involved title/abstract screening followed by full-text review by two independent researchers.
  • Data extraction from included studies utilized a standardized template.

Main Results:

  • Ninety-one articles, primarily from North America and published after 2016, were included in the review.
  • No randomized controlled trials were identified; evidence primarily focused on FTS sensitivity, specificity, acceptability, and feasibility.
  • Limited research exists on the efficacy of FTS in promoting behavior change, care engagement, or overdose prevention.

Conclusions:

  • Fentanyl test strips (FTSs) demonstrate high sensitivity and specificity for point-of-care drug testing.
  • Further research is crucial to establish the direct link between FTS use and overdose prevention, particularly across different drug-using populations.
  • Increased investment is needed to investigate the role of FTSs and other point-of-care immunoassays in addressing novel contaminants like xylazine and benzodiazepines and in overall overdose prevention efforts.