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Aptamer-based assembly systems for SARS-CoV-2 detection and therapeutics.
Yuhang Dong1, Jingping Wang1, Ling Chen1
1State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China. fengli2022@mail.buct.edu.cn.
Chemical Society Reviews
|June 3, 2024
Summary
Nucleic acid aptamers offer advantages over antibodies for virus detection and treatment. Aptamer-based assemblies enhance binding affinity and specificity for SARS-CoV-2, showing promise in nanomedicine.
Area of Science:
- Biotechnology
- Nanomedicine
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Nucleic acid aptamers are synthetic oligonucleotides with high molecular recognition capabilities.
- Aptamers offer advantages over antibodies, including chemical synthesis and low immunogenicity.
- Aptamer-based assemblies enhance target binding through multivalent synergistic interactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in aptamers and aptamer assemblies for SARS-CoV-2 detection and treatment.
- To detail the screening, modification, and application of aptamers against SARS-CoV-2.
- To explore the potential of aptamer-based nucleic acid assemblies in nanomedicine for viral applications.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of aptamer screening and chemical modification strategies.
- Analysis of aptamer-based assembly systems for SARS-CoV-2 detection and neutralization.
- Illustration of aptamers targeting different SARS-CoV-2 domains.
- Demonstration of aptamer-based DNA assembly principles and characteristics.
Main Results:
- Aptamers can be engineered into topological arrangements for spatial and valence matching with viral antigens.
- Aptamer-based assemblies demonstrate improved binding affinity and synergistic interactions for SARS-CoV-2.
- Representative works showcase rational assembly of aptamers for diagnosis and neutralization.
Conclusions:
- Aptamer-based nucleic acid assemblies represent a promising platform for SARS-CoV-2 detection and neutralization.
- Further insights into challenges and future perspectives are provided for aptamer applications in nanomedicine.
- Engineered aptamer assemblies offer potential for advanced viral diagnostics and therapeutics.
