[Bruxism in connection with neurocognitive disorders]

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Neurology
• Dentistry

Background:

• Diurnal bruxism is a recognized symptom in neurocognitive disorders, yet underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.
• Existing research highlights knowledge gaps concerning influencing factors and treatment strategies for bruxism in these patients.
• Prevalence data indicates approximately 4% of Alzheimer's patients exhibit diurnal bruxism (Kwak et al., 2009).

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the hypothesis linking diurnal bruxism in neurocognitive disorders to disrupted neurotransmitter balances.
• To review current literature and present a case report illustrating this connection.
• To discuss the complexities of managing bruxism in patients with neurocognitive disorders.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on diurnal bruxism and neurocognitive disorders.
• Case report analysis of an Alzheimer's disease patient with diurnal bruxism.
• Discussion of neurotransmitter interactions and pharmacological influences.

Main Results:

• The case report and literature review support the hypothesis that bruxism in neurocognitive disorders is a direct result of disturbed neurotransmitter balances.
• Complex neurotransmitter interactions, influenced by various medications, are implicated.
• Therapeutic interventions are challenging due to reduced patient compliance and complex disease presentations.

Conclusions:

• Neurotransmitter imbalance is a likely mechanism underlying diurnal bruxism in neurocognitive disorders.
• Effective management necessitates a multidisciplinary approach, emphasizing dentist-physician collaboration.
• Further research is needed to develop effective treatment strategies for this patient population.