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High-elevation-induced decrease in soil pH weakens ecosystem multifunctionality by influencing soil microbiomes.

Songsong Gu1, Shaolong Wu2, Weiai Zeng3

  • 1Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China; CAS Key Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

Environmental Research
|June 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Environmental stress, like increasing elevation, reduces microbial diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality. Generalist microbes thrive, increasing cooperation and competition, which paradoxically boosts stability but lowers overall ecosystem function.

Keywords:
DiversityEcosystem functionalityEnvironmental stressGeneralist and specialist speciesMicrobial communityStability

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Area of Science:

  • Microbial ecology
  • Soil science
  • Ecosystem studies

Background:

  • Understanding microbial roles in ecosystem services under environmental stress is crucial.
  • Plant environmental stress response is a key global research area.
  • Mechanisms maintaining microbial diversity under stress require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of elevation on rhizosphere microbial communities and ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF).
  • To identify key environmental stressors and their effects on microbial diversity and ecosystem stability.
  • To explore the evolutionary dynamics of microbial generalists versus specialists under stress.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of rhizosphere soil characteristics, microbial composition, and EMF across elevation gradients.
  • Random forest models to identify key environmental stressors.
  • Binary-State Speciation and Extinction (BiSSE) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) for evolutionary and interaction analyses.

Main Results:

  • EMF and microbial richness decreased with increasing elevation.
  • Soil pH was identified as a primary stressor influencing microbial communities.
  • Generalist microbes exhibited higher diversification rates than specialists under stress.
  • Environmental stress increased cooperation/competition, enhancing stability but reducing EMF.

Conclusions:

  • Elevation-induced environmental stress negatively impacts microbial diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality.
  • Microbial community diversity is linked to stability through complexity, with pH as a key factor.
  • Generalist microbes are favored under stress, contributing to altered ecosystem dynamics and stability.