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A Peritrophin-44 gene in Litopenaeus vannamei is involved in disease resistance

Li-Shi Liu1, Jin-Quan Fan1, Meng-En Zhang1

  • 1Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering (IMASE) / Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|June 3, 2024
PubMed

Insights

The peritrophic membrane (PM) protein LvPT44 is crucial for shrimp survival. It enhances disease resistance against ER-stress and white spot syndrome virus, highlighting its importance in invertebrate health.

Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Invertebrate Zoology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The peritrophic membrane (PM) is a vital midgut structure in invertebrates like crustaceans, protecting against pathogens and aiding digestion.
  • Understanding PM protein functions is key to improving invertebrate health and aquaculture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize proteins of the peritrophic membrane in the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei.
  • To investigate the role of Peritrophin-44 homologous protein (LvPT44) in shrimp physiology and disease resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Proteomic analysis to identify PM proteins in Litopenaeus vannamei.
  • Chitin-binding assays and immunoelectron microscopy to localize LvPT44.
  • Analysis of LvPT44 promoter activity and gene expression under stress and viral infection.
  • RNA interference (RNAi) to assess the functional role of LvPT44 in shrimp mortality.

Main Results:

  • 44 PM proteins were identified, including LvPT44, which binds chitin and localizes to the PM.
  • LvPT44 expression is regulated by shrimp STAT and c-Jun, and induced by ER-stress and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV).
  • Knockdown of LvPT44 significantly increased shrimp mortality following ER-stress or WSSV infection.

Conclusions:

  • LvPT44 is a functional component of the shrimp peritrophic membrane with a significant role in disease resistance.
  • LvPT44 is essential for shrimp survival during ER-stress and WSSV infection, indicating its importance in innate immunity.
Keywords:
Litopenaeus vannameiPeritrophic membranePeritrophin 44Unfolded protein responseWhite spot syndrome virus

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