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Newborn Screening in Developing Countries: The Need of the Hour
Sarika Gaikwad1, Shubhangi Ganvir2, Punam Uke1
1Department of Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND.
Cureus
|June 4, 2024
Summary
Newborn screening (NBS) is a vital, cost-effective health policy. Implementing NBS in developing nations can prevent infant mortality and long-term disabilities, despite existing healthcare challenges.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Pediatrics
- Genetics
Background:
- Newborn screening (NBS) is a recognized, cost-effective health policy in developed nations.
- Developing countries account for over half of global births, yet NBS is largely absent.
- Lack of NBS leads to preventable neonatal mortality and lifelong disabilities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the importance of implementing newborn screening in developing countries.
- To address the challenges and propose solutions for NBS integration.
- To advocate for a shift in focus towards reducing disabilities through early detection.
Main Methods:
- Review of current NBS implementation status globally.
- Analysis of obstacles to NBS in developing countries.
- Discussion of strategies for successful NBS integration into national healthcare systems.
Main Results:
- NBS is crucial for preventing mortality and long-term sequelae like developmental delays.
- Significant barriers exist in developing countries, including competing health priorities and lack of resources.
- Pilot projects are emerging, indicating a growing recognition of NBS importance.
Conclusions:
- Integrating NBS into national healthcare systems, with financial support, is essential for developing countries.
- Prioritizing NBS can reduce both mortality and disability burdens.
- A change in health policy focus is needed to include NBS for comprehensive newborn care.
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