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Arterial wall changes in early human vasospasm.

R R Smith, B R Clower, G M Grotendorst

    Neurosurgery
    |February 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Myofibroblasts and Type V collagen are linked to cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. These elements may help keep damaged cerebral arteries contracted during healing.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Pathology
    • Vascular Biology

    Background:

    • Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) frequently leads to cerebral vasospasm, a dangerous narrowing of brain arteries.
    • The underlying mechanisms of prolonged cerebral vasospasm post-SAH remain incompletely understood.

    Observation:

    • Histological, histochemical, and histoimmunological analyses were performed on cerebral arteries from patients with recent SAH.
    • Vessels exhibiting severe constriction showed increased myofibroblasts and Type V collagen in the medial layer.
    • Arteries with milder constriction had less conspicuous amounts of these components.

    Findings:

    • A correlation exists between the severity of cerebral vasospasm and the extent of pathological changes.
    • Myofibroblasts and Type V collagen accumulation in the medial layer appear associated with significant arterial constriction.

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  • These cellular and matrix changes were absent in intracranial arteries from non-SAH control subjects.

    • Implications:

    • Myofibroblasts and Type V collagen may play a crucial role in the sustained contraction phase of cerebral vasospasm.
    • These findings suggest potential therapeutic targets for managing vasospasm and improving outcomes after subarachnoid hemorrhage.