Dentin-derived alveolar bone graft for alveolar augmentation: A systematic review

Area of Science:

• Dentistry
• Regenerative Medicine
• Biomaterials

Background:

• Alveolar bone grafting (ABG) is crucial for preventing bone resorption after tooth extraction or due to disease.
• Autogenous dentin, with its bone-like composition, is a potential material for ABG.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the efficacy of dentin-derived ABG for alveolar augmentation.
• To evaluate volume gain and histomorphometric outcomes of dentin grafts.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature search across major databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase) up to October 2023.
• Inclusion of RCTs, pilot studies, clinical trials, and retrospective studies on dentin-derived ABG.
• Descriptive analysis of 21 selected articles with low risk of bias.

Main Results:

• Dentin-derived ABG demonstrated significant new bone formation compared to bone-derived grafts.
• Studies showed greater gain in vertical and horizontal dimensions with dentin grafts.
• Reduced dimensional reduction was observed when using dentin-derived ABG.

Conclusions:

• Dentin-derived ABG is effective for alveolar bone volume maintenance.
• Histomorphometric and radiographic analyses indicate promising results for dentin grafts in alveolar augmentation.