Dentin Collagen versus Er:YAG Laser as Surface Biomodifiers for Intact Root Slices Simulating Delayed Replanted Roots

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Regenerative Dentistry
• Cell Biology

Background:

• Tooth avulsion due to trauma requires timely replantation for successful outcomes.
• Root resorption and non-viable fibroblasts are critical challenges in delayed tooth replantation.
• Enhancing periodontal ligament fibroblast (PDLF) attachment to root surfaces is crucial for regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate dentin collagen and Er:YAG laser effects on PDLF cell attachment to root surfaces.
• To compare the efficacy of dentin collagen versus Er:YAG laser in mimicking delayed replantation conditions.
• To assess the biocompatibility and regenerative potential of these biomodification techniques.

Main Methods:

• Human premolars were sectioned into root slices and treated with sodium hypochlorite.
• Three experimental groups were established: control (untreated), dentin collagen application, and Er:YAG laser irradiation.
• PDLF cell density and morphology on root slices were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after incubation.

Main Results:

• Both dentin collagen and Er:YAG laser groups showed significantly higher PDLF cell density compared to the control group.
• No significant difference in cell density was observed between the dentin collagen and Er:YAG laser groups.
• PDLF cells in the dentin collagen and laser groups exhibited a flatter morphology with more cytoplasmic processes than the control group.

Conclusions:

• Dentin collagen and Er:YAG laser are effective biomodification tools for enhancing PDLF cell attachment on root surfaces.
• Both treatments demonstrate good biocompatibility for human PDLF cells in a delayed replantation model.
• Dentin collagen presents a viable natural alternative to Er:YAG laser for promoting regenerative effects in dentistry.