Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Pediatric Lower Airway Malacia: Case Series from a Tertiary Center in Turkey
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Lower airway malacia (LAM) affects 16.6% of pediatric patients diagnosed via flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Gastrointestinal disorders and stridor were common comorbidities, particularly in tracheomalacia cases.
Area Of Science
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Respiratory Medicine
- Diagnostic Imaging
Background
- Lower airway malacia (LAM) involves reduced airway diameter during breathing.
- Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FFB) is the primary diagnostic tool, though not a gold standard.
- Prevalence and incidence of LAM remain largely unknown.
Purpose Of The Study
- Determine the prevalence of pediatric LAM diagnoses.
- Characterize demographic and clinical features of LAM patients.
- Differentiate between tracheomalacia (TM) and bronchomalacia (BM).
Main Methods
- Retrospective case series of patients under 18 diagnosed with LAM via FFB.
- Comparison of demographic, clinical characteristics, and comorbidities between isolated BM and TM/tracheobronchomalacia (TM/TBM).
Main Results
- LAM diagnosed in 16.6% (65/390) of patients undergoing FFB.
- Tracheomalacia (TM) in 24.6% (16/65), bronchomalacia (BM) in 86.2% (56/65).
- Median age at diagnosis: 15 months; 90.8% had comorbidities, most commonly GI disorders (38.5%).
- TM/TBM associated with prematurity, stridor, retraction, and GI disorders.
Conclusions
- Prompt LAM evaluation is recommended for children with stridor (without laryngomalacia) or recurrent lower respiratory tract infections.
- Consider co-occurring GI issues like GERD and swallowing dysfunction in LAM patients.
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