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Isolation And Dendritic Cell-Uptake of Small Extracellular Vesicles from Echinococcus granulosus

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Does HIV co-infection promote Echinococcus dissemination?

K Couzens-Bohlin¹, J E J Krige¹, P Keshaw¹

¹Surgical Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa.

South African Journal of Surgery. Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif Vir Chirurgie

|June 5, 2024

Summary

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may worsen hepatic cystic echinococcosis (CE) severity. This case study details a patient with untreated HIV who recovered from extensive CE despite severe complications.

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Area of Science:

Hepatology
Infectious Diseases
Immunology

Background:

Hepatic cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a parasitic infection with uncertain outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals.
HIV-induced immune suppression might exacerbate CE, leading to more aggressive disease and complications.

Observation:

A 30-year-old male with untreated HIV presented with extensive hepatic and peritoneal CE.
The patient had two large, complicated liver cysts and numerous peritoneal daughter cysts, requiring removal of 30 kg of cystic material.

Findings:

Despite significant postoperative complications including cardiac arrest, respiratory failure, and bile leak, the patient achieved a full recovery.
This case suggests that even severe, complicated CE in the context of untreated HIV can be managed successfully.

Implications:

Further research is needed to understand the precise impact of HIV on CE pathogenesis and clinical presentation.
This case highlights the importance of comprehensive management for parasitic infections in immunocompromised patients.
Successful surgical intervention and recovery are possible even in complex, co-infected cases.