A Bacillus velezensis strain isolated from oats with disease-preventing and growth-promoting properties

Endophytes have been shown to promote plant growth and health. In the present study, a Bacillus velezensis CH1 (CH1) strain was isolated and identified from high-quality oats, which was capable of producing indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and strong biofilms, and capabilities in the nitrogen-fixing and iron carriers. CH1 has a 3920 kb chromosome with 47.3% GC content and 3776 code genes. Compared genome analysis showed that the largest proportion of the COG database was metabolism-related (44.79%), and 1135 out of 1508 genes were associated with the function "biosynthesis, transport, and catabolism of secondary metabolites." Furthermore, thirteen gene clusters had been identified in CH1, which were responsible for the synthesis of fifteen secondary metabolites that exhibit antifungal and antibacterial properties. Additionally, the strain harbors genes involved in plant growth promotion, such as seven putative genes for IAA production, spermidine and polyamine synthase genes, along with multiple membrane-associated genes. The enrichment of these functions was strong evidence of the antimicrobial properties of strain CH1, which has the potential to be a biofertilizer for promoting oat growth and disease resistance.