Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) provides a better resolution than conventional fluorescence microscopy by reducing the point spread function (PSF). PSF is the light intensity distribution from a point that causes it to appear blurred. Due to PSF, each fluorescing point appears bigger than its actual size, and it is the PSF interference of nearby fluorophores that causes the blurred image. Various approaches to achieving higher resolution through SRFM have recently been...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Enantiopurity-Controlled Magnetism in a Two-Dimensional Organic-Inorganic Material.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Same author

Tuft dendrite spikes are accompanied by selective input from distinct functional networks.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Distinct sensorimotor encoding in tuft dendrites and somata associated with action, correction, and learning.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Supramolecular assembly of molecular wires alternating crown ethers and metal-halide complexes.

Nature chemistry·2026

Same author

Ferroelectricity in atomic-scale titanium dioxide dielectric films.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Same author

All-optical interrogation of millimeter-scale networks and application to developing ferret cortex.

Journal of neuroscience methods·2023

Same journal

<i>Neurophotonics</i> book club: "The Secret of Secrets" by Dan Brown - a thought-provoking twist on a famous neuroscience controversy.

Neurophotonics·2026

Same journal

Measurement of the absolute value of the optical birefringence of myelin in primate brain tissue.

Neurophotonics·2026

Same journal

Data-driven optimization of preschoolers' hemodynamic response in a VR setup: advancing analytic methods for children's fNIRS naturalistic data with the AICopt method.

Neurophotonics·2026

Same journal

Multimodal optical imaging combining voltage-sensitive dye ElectroFluor630 with genetically encoded calcium, glutamate, or voltage indicators.

Neurophotonics·2026

Same journal

Data-driven wavelet coherence approach to assess neurovascular coupling in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Neurophotonics·2026

Same journal

Effect of sleep stage on patterns of fNIRS hemodynamic response to auditory paradigms in 1-month-old Gambian and UK infants.

Neurophotonics·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Simultaneous Multicolor Imaging of Biological Structures with Fluorescence Photoactivation Localization Microscopy

Simultaneous Multicolor Imaging of Biological Structures with Fluorescence Photoactivation Localization Microscopy

Published on: December 9, 2013

Two-dimensional electro-optical multiphoton microscopy.

Deano M Farinella¹, Samuel Stanek², Harishankar Jayakumar¹

¹University of Minnesota, Department of Neuroscience, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States.

|June 6, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Potassium tantalate niobate (KTN) electro-optical deflectors (EODs) enable ultrafast two-dimensional (2D) two-photon (2P) imaging in vivo. This technology overcomes limitations of current scanning methods for high-speed neural activity monitoring.

Keywords:

electro-optical deflector in vivo imaging multiphoton microscopy voltage imaging

More Related Videos

Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures

Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures

Published on: November 21, 2019

Dissection and 2-Photon Imaging of Peripheral Lymph Nodes in Mice

Dissection and 2-Photon Imaging of Peripheral Lymph Nodes in Mice

Published on: August 23, 2007

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Simultaneous Multicolor Imaging of Biological Structures with Fluorescence Photoactivation Localization Microscopy

Simultaneous Multicolor Imaging of Biological Structures with Fluorescence Photoactivation Localization Microscopy

Published on: December 9, 2013

Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures

Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures

Published on: November 21, 2019

Dissection and 2-Photon Imaging of Peripheral Lymph Nodes in Mice

Dissection and 2-Photon Imaging of Peripheral Lymph Nodes in Mice

Published on: August 23, 2007

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Optical Engineering
Materials Science

Background:

Genetically encoded fluorescent indicators allow real-time monitoring of neural activity with millisecond dynamics.
Existing two-photon (2P) imaging systems face speed limitations due to acoustic and mechanical scanning technologies approaching fundamental physical limits.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate potassium tantalate niobate (KTN) electro-optical deflectors (EODs) for ultrafast two-dimensional (2D) 2P imaging.
To determine the suitability of KTN-EODs for in vivo imaging of genetically encoded indicators with millisecond dynamics.

Main Methods:

Characterized a commercial KTN-EOD's performance with varying drive frequencies and laser parameters for in vivo 2P microscopy.
Integrated a second KTN-EOD into a dual-axis scan module for 2D scanning.
Validated the system by imaging in vivo neural signals from ASAP3, a genetically encoded voltage indicator.

Main Results:

KTN-EODs achieved optimal deflection for 960 nm laser light at high power (350 mW) and pulse intensity (118 fs).
Single-axis deflection yielded up to 32 resolvable spots per line at a 560 kHz line scan rate.
The dual-axis system achieved >10 kHz frame rates over a defined field-of-view with high lateral resolution, enabling in vivo imaging of ASAP3-expressing neurons.

Conclusions:

KTN-EODs are suitable for ultrafast 2P cellular imaging in vivo.
This technology provides a pathway for developing next-generation high-performance microscopes leveraging KTN-based scanning advancements.