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Frailty index and risk of delirium in hospitalized patients: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Yu Chen1, Fang Feng2, Qun Li2

  • 1Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.

Frontiers in Medicine
|June 6, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

A higher frailty index (FI) is linked to an increased risk of delirium. This Mendelian randomization study suggests frailty may causally increase delirium risk, prompting proactive prevention in frail patients.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Epidemiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Observational studies indicate a link between the frailty index (FI) and delirium.
  • The precise causal relationship remains unclear due to confounding factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential causal relationship between the frailty index (FI) and the risk of delirium using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized pooled statistics from large genome-wide association studies for FI and delirium.
  • Employed inverse-variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger regression, and weighted median methods for analysis.
  • Assessed pleiotropy and heterogeneity using MR-Egger intercept, Cochran's Q test, funnel plots, and leave-one-out analysis.

Main Results:

  • The IVW method suggested that a higher FI is associated with an increased risk of delirium (OR = 1.849, P = 0.044).
  • While weighted median and MR-Egger regression did not show statistical significance, the direction of effect was consistent across methods.
  • Sensitivity analyses, including leave-one-out, supported the primary findings.

Conclusions:

  • A higher frailty index (FI) is correlated with an elevated risk of delirium.
  • Healthcare providers should implement proactive delirium prevention strategies for patients with a higher FI.
Keywords:
Mendelian randomization studydeliriumfrailty indexintensive carenursing care

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