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Genetic architecture of heritable leaf microbes.

Julia A Boyle1, Megan E Frederickson1, John R Stinchcombe1,2

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

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|June 6, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Host genetics significantly shape plant microbiomes. Both large-effect Mendelian traits and cumulative small-effect quantitative genetic variations influence microbe heritability in ivyleaf morning glory.

Keywords:
Ipomoea hederaceaMendelianheritabilityhost ageleaf microbiomeleaf shapematrilinemicroclimatephyllospherequantitative genetics

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Ecology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Host-associated microbiomes are influenced by environmental factors and host genetics.
  • Understanding the genetic basis of these microbiomes is crucial for microbial community assembly and eco-evolutionary dynamics.
  • The relative contributions of different types of genetic variation to microbiome structure are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the roles of Mendelian and quantitative genetic variation in structuring the leaf microbiome of *Ipomoea hederacea* (ivyleaf morning glory).
  • To determine how these genetic variations contribute to microbe heritability.
  • To explore if leaf shape, a Mendelian trait, influences phyllosphere microbe abundance.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of *Ipomoea hederacea* matrilines with differing quantitative genetic variation and leaf shape.
  • Analysis of the leaf microbiome structure in relation to host genetic variation.
  • Assessment of microbe heritability across different genetic backgrounds.

Main Results:

  • Both Mendelian and quantitative host genetic variations contribute to microbe heritability, despite significant environmental effects.
  • Cumulative small-effect genomic differences from matrilines explained microbial variation as much as or more than a single large-effect Mendelian locus.
  • Leaf shape was found to contribute to the variation in abundances of certain phyllosphere microbes.

Conclusions:

  • The genetic architecture of leaf-associated microbiomes in *Ipomoea hederacea* involves both quantitative genetic variation and Mendelian traits.
  • Plant evolution affecting leaf shape or other quantitative genetic loci can potentially alter microbial abundance and community composition.
  • Host genetics play a significant role in shaping plant-associated microbial communities.