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The "supercompensation" effect of children's lockdown during COVID-19: based on the analysis of changes in physical

Yunong Li1, Guanggao Zhao2, Liqiang Su3

  • 1School of Physical Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.

BMC Public Health
|June 6, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Preschoolers showed improved physical activity, psychological well-being, and sleep post-lockdown, indicating a "supercompensation" effect. This suggests a potential "baseline-inhibition-supercompensation" pattern in children's development during challenging periods.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown imposed significant lifestyle changes globally.
  • Understanding the impact of such disruptions on early childhood development is crucial for public health.
  • Preschoolers' physical activity, psychological state, and sleep patterns are key indicators of well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the
  • supercompensation
  • effect on preschoolers' physical activity (PA), psychological indicators, and sleep quality during the COVID-19 lockdown.
  • To compare these indicators before and after the lockdown period.
  • To explore a potential
  • baseline-inhibition-supercompensation
  • process in children's development.

Main Methods:

  • 127 children aged 3-6 years participated in the study.
  • Physical activity levels were measured using ActiGraph GT3X+.
  • Psychological status and sleep habits were assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and Child Sleep Habit Questionnaire (CSHQ), respectively.

Main Results:

  • Post-lockdown, children exhibited significantly higher physical activity, including moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (p < 0.05).
  • Psychological indicators, measured by SDQ scores, showed significant improvement after the lockdown (p < 0.05).
  • Sleep quality, assessed via CSHQ, demonstrated highly significant improvements (p < 0.01).

Conclusions:

  • Children experienced a
  • supercompensation
  • effect in physical activity, psychological well-being, and sleep after the lockdown.
  • The findings suggest a potential
  • baseline-inhibition-supercompensation
  • process in preschoolers' development during and after the lockdown.
  • These results highlight the resilience of young children and the potential for positive adaptation following periods of disruption.
Abstract

Keywords:
LockdownPhysical activityPreschoolerPsychologicalSleepSupercompensation

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