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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography01:22

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...
Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry01:19

Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry

Uroflowmetry is a non-invasive urodynamic test designed to measure various aspects of urination, including volume, flow rate, and the time to void. This test is crucial for diagnosing and assessing conditions such as bladder outlet obstruction, bladder dysfunction, incomplete bladder emptying, incontinence, and urinary tract blockages caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and urethral strictures.Pre-Test Instructions:Before a uroflowmetry test, patients are typically advised to drink...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Cystometric and External Urethral Sphincter Measurements in Awake Rats with Implanted Catheter and Electrodes Allowing for Repeated Measurements
10:07

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Can Videourodynamics shape management in refractory pediatric lower urinary tract dysfunction?

Jason P Van Batavia1, Katherine Fischer1, Monica Moran1

  • 1Division of Urology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Journal of Pediatric Urology
|June 7, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Videourodynamics (VUDS) can guide management for children with refractory lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD). Selecting patients with persistent incontinence, multiple clinic visits, and high symptom scores improves diagnostic yield.

Keywords:
Bladder dysfunctionLower urinary tract dysfunctionUrodynamicsVideourodynamics

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Urology
  • Urodynamics
  • Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction

Background:

  • Lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) is a common pediatric urology issue.
  • Management can be challenging and frustrating for refractory cases.
  • Videourodynamics (VUDS) may offer insights for complex patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the role of VUDS in pediatric refractory LUTD.
  • To identify patient selection criteria for maximizing VUDS utility.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 110 non-neurogenic LUTD patients undergoing VUDS (2015-2022).
  • Exclusion of patients with known neurological or anatomical lesions, and developmental delay.
  • Data collected included demographics, prior visits, and Dysfunction Voiding and Incontinence Symptom Score (DVISS).

Main Results:

  • VUDS led to a management change in 78% of patients (86/110).
  • Changes included medication adjustments, consideration of clean intermittent catheterization (CIC), PTNS, and surgery.
  • Patients with management changes had significantly higher DVISS scores and more prior clinic visits.

Conclusions:

  • Suggests criteria for selecting patients for VUDS: refractory incontinence despite biofeedback/medications, ≥6 clinic visits without improvement, and LUT symptom score ≥16.
  • These criteria can identify patients who benefit from VUDS for precise diagnosis and tailored management.