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Related Concept Videos

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

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DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...
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Accelerated Aging after Traumatic Brain Injury: An ENIGMA Multi-Cohort Mega-Analysis.

Emily L Dennis1,2, Samantha Vervoordt3, Maheen M Adamson4,5

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

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|June 7, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain structure changes after complicated mild, moderate, and severe traumatic brain injury (cmsTBI) worsen over time, particularly in men. This predicted age difference (PAD) progresses decades after injury, but did not correlate with cognitive performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Traumatic Brain Injury Research
  • Aging and Brain Health

Background:

  • Long-term structural brain changes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are not fully understood.
  • Brain-age estimation using MRI offers a potential method to quantify these long-term effects.
  • Previous studies suggest complicated mild, moderate, and severe TBI (cmsTBI) is linked to an increased predicted age difference (PAD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if PAD increases with time since injury (TSI) in cmsTBI patients.
  • To determine if injury severity and sex influence the progression of PAD over time.
  • To explore the relationship between PAD and cognitive performance post-TBI.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a large TBI sample (n=343) and controls (n=540) from the ENIGMA AMS-TBI working group.
  • Aggregated cross-sectional T1w-MRI data across 7 cohorts.
  • Calculated brain age using a predictive modeling algorithm similar to prior TBI studies.

Main Results:

  • PAD was found to widen with increasing TSI.
  • Men exhibited a more advanced brain age compared to women.
  • No significant association was detected between PAD and cognitive performance.

Conclusions:

  • Brain structural changes following cmsTBI are dynamic and evolve over decades.
  • An initial period of change is followed by relative stability, then further alterations in brain morphometry.
  • These findings highlight the progressive nature of structural brain changes after TBI.