Second victim experiences and impact among acute care nurses: An exploratory study

Area of Science:

• Healthcare Management
• Nursing
• Patient Safety

Background:

• The second victim phenomenon affects nurses involved in patient-related adverse events.
• This phenomenon requires further investigation to understand its impact and support needs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore second victim symptoms and adverse outcomes in nurses within public healthcare.
• To identify preferred components for a structured support program.
• To investigate barriers to accessing existing support strategies.

Main Methods:

• A mixed-methods design was employed.
• The Second Victim Experience and Support Tool and semi-structured interviews were utilized.
• Data were analyzed using descriptive and thematic analysis.

Main Results:

• Nurses reported significant physical, psychological, and professional distress within one month post-event, persisting for at least three months.
• Turnover intentions were high among affected nurses (58.4%).
• Peer support was identified as the most desired component of a support program (75.0%).

Conclusions:

• Nurses experience profound and lasting distress due to the second victim phenomenon.
• Recognizing this phenomenon and improving the organizational climate are critical for supporting affected nurses.
• Structured support systems and national policies are recommended to address the needs of second victim nurses.