Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 24, 2025
07:16
Resin-Assisted Capture Coupled with Isobaric Tandem Mass Tag Labeling for Multiplexed Quantification of Protein Thiol Oxidation
Published on: June 21, 2021
1.7K
Were Persulfate-Based Advanced Oxidation Processes Really Understood? Basic Concepts, Cognitive Biases, and
Xiaonan Hu1,2, Mingshan Zhu1
1Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, College of Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, PR China.
Environmental Science & Technology
|June 7, 2024
Summary
This review clarifies reactive species in persulfate (PS)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for pollutant removal. It emphasizes experimental rigor to overcome controversies and accurately understand reaction mechanisms.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Chemistry
- Water Treatment Technologies
- Advanced Oxidation Processes
Background:
- Persulfate (PS)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are widely studied for pollutant removal.
- Controversies regarding the identification of reactive species hinder accurate mechanism elucidation in PS-AOPs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a critical review of basic concepts in PS-AOPs.
- To rectify cognitive biases and highlight the importance of experimental details for accurate reaction mechanism exploration.
- To address the identification and characterization of reactive species in PS-AOPs.
Main Methods:
- Summarizing the characterization, generation, and identification of various reactive species.
- Analyzing complexities in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy.
- Evaluating uncertainties associated with probes and scavengers, including concentration determination.
Main Results:
- Highlights the critical role of experimental parameters such as buffer solution, operating mode, terminator, and filter membrane.
- Identifies key challenges and potential misinterpretations in reactive species analysis.
- Provides insights into the accurate exploration of reaction mechanisms in PS-AOPs.
Conclusions:
- Accurate identification of reactive species is crucial for understanding PS-AOP mechanisms.
- Attention to experimental details and methodological rigor is essential to resolve existing controversies.
- Future research should focus on alleviating misinterpretations and advancing the field of PS-AOPs.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
02:37Oxidation of Alcohols
13.0K
In this lesson, the oxidation of alcohols is discussed in depth. The various reagents used for oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols are detailed, and their mechanism of action is provided.
The process of oxidation in a chemical reaction is observed in any of the three forms:
The process of oxidation in a chemical reaction is observed in any of the three forms:
13.0K
01:20Radical Autoxidation
2.1K
The oxidation of an organic compound in the presence of air or oxygen is called autoxidation. For example, cumene reacts with oxygen to form hydroperoxide. Autoxidation involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. Many organic compounds are susceptible to autoxidation—especially ethers in the presence of oxygen, which form hydroperoxides. Even though this reaction is slow, old ether bottles contain small amounts of peroxide, which leads to laboratory explosions during ether...
2.1K
01:21Radical Oxidation of Allylic and Benzylic Alcohols
1.9K
Activated manganese(IV) oxide can selectively oxidize allylic and benzylic alcohols via a radical intermediate mechanism. Primary allylic alcohols are oxidized to aldehydes, while secondary allylic alcohols yield ketones. The redox reaction of potassium permanganate with an Mn(II) salt such as manganese sulfate (under either alkaline or acidic conditions), followed by thorough drying, yields the oxidizing agent: activated MnO2. While MnO2 is insoluble in the solvents used for the reaction, the...
1.9K
02:44Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide
10.1K
Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
10.1K
02:21Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate
11.3K
Alkenes can be dihydroxylated using potassium permanganate. The method encompasses the reaction of an alkene with a cold, dilute solution of potassium permanganate under basic conditions to form a cis-diol along with a brown precipitate of manganese dioxide.
11.3K
01:17Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones
3.0K
In the presence of oxidizing agents, phenols are oxidized to quinones. Quinones can be easily reduced back to phenols using mild reducing agents. The electron-donating hydroxyl group enhances the reactivity of the aromatic ring, enabling oxidation of the ring even in the absence of an α hydrogen.
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox...
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox...
3.0K