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Clinical characteristics and outcomes of community-acquired pneumonia in solid organ transplant recipients

  • 0Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Disorder Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
Respiratory Medicine +

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June 7, 2024

|

June 7, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Solid organ transplant recipients with community-acquired pneumonia face higher mortality risks, especially long-term. Vigilant follow-up care is crucial for these vulnerable patients to mitigate adverse outcomes after transplantation.

Area Of Science

  • Transplantation Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background

  • Pneumonia is a significant complication following solid organ transplantation (SOT), impacting graft and patient survival.
  • Limited data exists on community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in SOT recipients, particularly regarding long-term outcomes.
  • This study compares clinical characteristics and outcomes of CAP in SOT recipients versus non-transplant (NT) recipients.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To compare the clinical features of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) between solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients and non-transplant (NT) recipients.
  • To evaluate and compare short-term and long-term mortality outcomes for CAP in SOT versus NT patients.
  • To identify specific risks associated with CAP in the SOT population.

Main Methods

  • Retrospective analysis of electronic medical records for 7449 patients admitted with CAP.
  • Patients categorized into SOT recipients (n=42) and NT recipients (n=7396).
  • Inverse-propensity score weighting and weighted logistic regression used for adjusted analysis of outcomes, including mortality at different time points.

Main Results

  • SOT recipients were younger, more frequently male, and had a higher prevalence of comorbidities compared to NT recipients.
  • After inverse-propensity score weighting, SOT recipients exhibited higher in-hospital, 30-day, and 1-year mortality.
  • The most significant increase in mortality for SOT recipients was observed at 1 year, with 1.41 times higher odds (95% CI: 1.38-1.44).

Conclusions

  • Solid organ transplant recipients with CAP present with distinct demographic and comorbidity profiles compared to non-transplant patients.
  • SOT recipients experience significantly higher long-term mortality following CAP, even after statistical adjustment.
  • Healthcare providers should maintain heightened vigilance for long-term mortality risks in SOT patients with CAP and ensure comprehensive follow-up care.

Keywords:

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