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[Genetic engineering of peptide hormones]
Molekuliarnaia Biologiia
|January 1, 1985
Summary
Researchers developed methods to prepare DNA sequences for peptide hormones. They successfully isolated genes for human, bovine, and porcine growth hormones, and other key hormones, enabling further study of their properties.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
- Genetics
Background:
- Peptide hormones play crucial roles in physiological regulation.
- Efficient methods for obtaining hormone-encoding DNA are essential for research and therapeutic applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To demonstrate various approaches for preparing DNA sequences encoding peptide hormones.
- To isolate and characterize specific hormone genes from different species.
- To investigate the expression and properties of a cloned human growth hormone gene.
Main Methods:
- Construction and screening of cDNA libraries from human, bovine, and porcine pituitary glands.
- Chemical and enzymatic synthesis of the human calcitonin gene.
- Cloning of synthetic human calcitonin gene into pBR322 vector.
- Expression studies of cloned human growth hormone cDNA in Escherichia coli using different promoters.
Main Results:
- Identification of clones containing human, bovine, and porcine growth hormone sequences.
- Isolation of cDNAs for bovine ACTH-beta-lipotropin precursor.
- Obtainment of cDNAs for bovine and porcine prolactin.
- Successful synthesis, cloning, and expression of the human calcitonin gene.
- Characterization of physico-chemical and biological properties of human growth hormone produced by E. coli.
Conclusions:
- Multiple strategies are effective for preparing peptide hormone-encoding DNA.
- cDNA libraries are valuable tools for isolating hormone genes across species.
- Synthetic gene technology and recombinant DNA techniques facilitate hormone gene production and characterization.