Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bias01:22

Bias

4.2K
Bias refers to any tendency that prevents a question from being considered unprejudiced. In research, bias occurs when one outcome or answer is selected or encouraged over others in sampling or testing. Bias can occur during any research phase, including study design, data collection, analysis, and publication.
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...
4.2K
Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping02:05

Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping

39.0K
People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about...
39.0K
Confirmation Biases01:31

Confirmation Biases

5.5K
The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
5.5K
Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

Fundamental Attribution Error

12.8K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
12.8K
Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

3.4K
Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
3.4K
The Anchoring-and-Adjustment Heuristic01:25

The Anchoring-and-Adjustment Heuristic

7.2K
In order to make good decisions, we use our knowledge and our reasoning. Often, this knowledge and reasoning is sound and solid. However, sometimes, we are swayed by biases or by others manipulating a situation. For example, let’s say you and three friends wanted to rent a house and had a combined target budget of $1,600. The realtor shows you only very run-down houses for $1,600 and then shows you a very nice house for $2,000. Might you ask each person to pay more in rent to get the...
7.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Model-based planning is unaffected by ketamine, antidepressant and internet delivered cognitive behavioural therapy treatments in depression.

Translational psychiatry·2025
Same author

Perspective: The foundations, fortunes, and future of cognitive control research.

Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance·2025
Same author

Transdiagnostic compulsivity is associated with reduced reminder setting, only partially attributable to overconfidence.

eLife·2025
Same author

Normative and informational confidence matching.

Journal of experimental psychology. General·2024
Same author

Preferences for advisor agreement and accuracy.

PloS one·2024
Same author

Using smartphones to optimise and scale-up the assessment of model-based planning.

Communications psychology·2024
Same journal

Beyond "toxicity:" Rethinking rage, rivalry, and regulation in online games.

Journal of behavioral addictions·2026
Same journal

SHARP-G-R: A revised tool for assessing the addictive potential of video games.

Journal of behavioral addictions·2026
Same journal

Dynamic interplay between food addiction, psychological and behavioral factors, and weight-related measures: A longitudinal network analysis in developing youth.

Journal of behavioral addictions·2026
Same journal

Low-burden data-driven work addiction screening: Comparing demographic and psychosocial predictors using machine learning.

Journal of behavioral addictions·2026
Same journal

The good and the bad: A qualitative investigation of students' perspectives on their problematic smartphone use.

Journal of behavioral addictions·2026
Same journal

A multi-scale, circuit-to-gene signature of approach-bias modification in internet gaming disorder.

Journal of behavioral addictions·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2025

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
08:24

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: August 25, 2023

693

Confidence biases in problem gambling.

Maja Friedemann1,2, Celine A Fox3,4, Anna K Hanlon3,4

  • 11Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Journal of Behavioral Addictions
|June 8, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Problem gamblers show higher confidence in decisions and tasks than controls, even when performance doesn't warrant it. This overconfidence may stem from gambling-specific cognitive distortions, not just general anxiety or compulsive behaviors.

Keywords:
confidencemetacognitionproblem gamblingtransdiagnostic psychiatry

More Related Videos

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Online Gamers
06:01

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Online Gamers

Published on: November 9, 2019

8.0K
Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods
13:04

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Published on: September 19, 2012

12.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2025

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
08:24

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: August 25, 2023

693
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Online Gamers
06:01

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Online Gamers

Published on: November 9, 2019

8.0K
Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods
13:04

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Published on: September 19, 2012

12.1K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychiatry
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Subjective confidence guides behavior, especially without objective feedback.
  • Misjudged confidence can lead to maladaptive behaviors and is linked to psychiatric disorders.
  • A transdiagnostic approach examines symptom dimensions across diagnostic boundaries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate confidence biases in problem gamblers using a transdiagnostic framework.
  • To examine confidence at local decision, global task, and self-esteem levels.
  • To determine if confidence biases are explained by Anxiety-Depression and Compulsive Behaviour and Intrusive Thought dimensions.

Main Methods:

  • A gamified metacognition task was administered to 38 problem gamblers and 38 controls.
  • Self-report questionnaires assessed transdiagnostic symptom dimensions.
  • Demographic matching ensured comparability between groups.

Main Results:

  • Problem gamblers exhibited significantly higher local decision and global task confidence than controls.
  • This elevated confidence was independent of actual task performance.
  • The findings persisted even after controlling for Anxiety-Depression and Compulsive Behaviour and Intrusive Thought symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Problem gamblers display confidence biases not fully explained by transdiagnostic symptom dimensions.
  • Gambling-specific cognitive distortions may contribute to these biases.
  • Further research on metacognitive biases can inform therapeutic interventions for psychiatric conditions.