Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Plastic Behavior01:21

Plastic Behavior

196
A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and...
196
Residual Stresses in Bending01:18

Residual Stresses in Bending

160
In the study of elastoplastic members subjected to bending moments, understanding the loading and unloading phases is crucial for assessing material behavior and structural integrity. During the loading phase, as the bending moment increases, the material initially responds elastically, adhering to Hooke's Law, where stress is directly proportional to strain. When the load exceeds the yield strength, plastic deformation occurs, resulting in permanent strain and deformation that remains even...
160
Normal Strain under Axial Loading01:20

Normal Strain under Axial Loading

460
Normal strain under axial loading is an important concept in the field of mechanics of materials. Axial loading implies the application of a force along the axis of a material, like a column or bar. This force can either compress or stretch the material. In the context of axial loading, normal strain is the deformation experienced by the material in the direction of the loading force. It's calculated as the change in length divided by the original length of the material. This unitless ratio...
460
Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity

264
Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
264
Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings01:11

Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings

163
When a rod is made of different materials or has various cross-sections, it must be divided into parts that meet the necessary conditions for determining the deformation. These parts are each characterized by their internal force, cross-sectional area, length, and modulus of elasticity. These parameters are then used to compute the deformation of the entire rod.
In the case of a member with a variable cross-section, the strain is not constant but depends on the position. The deformation of an...
163
Deformations in a Transverse Cross Section01:21

Deformations in a Transverse Cross Section

185
When a material is subjected to uniaxial stress, it elongates or contracts in the direction of the applied force, and also undergoes changes in the perpendicular directions. This behavior is crucial for understanding how materials behave under stress and is governed by mechanical properties such as Poisson's ratio v, which measures the ratio of transverse strain to axial strain.
As the material stretches, it expands or contracts in orthogonal directions to the load. This phenomenon varies...
185

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Muscle synergy adaptation with fatigue development in constant-power cycling.

Computers in biology and medicine·2026
Same author

Tissue zone dependence and asymmetric distribution of membrane ruffles of <i>in-situ</i> bovine chondrocytes.

Connective tissue research·2026
Same author

Effect of muscle fatigue on cycling asymmetry during a constant-power test.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Multiomics insights into the effects of prebiotics on physical function and metabolism in adults with obesity and knee osteoarthritis.

Gut microbes·2026
Same author

Integrating Mechanical Loading, Mechanotransduction, and Biological Responses in Musculoskeletal Tissues Across the Lifespan: Regulation Influenced by Cells, Extracellular Matrix, and Sex.

Results and problems in cell differentiation·2026
Same author

Network Analysis Identifies Microsomal Glutathione S-Transferase as a Potential Regulator of Oxidative Stress and Proteasome Dysfunction in Human Osteoarthritic Menisci.

FASEB bioAdvances·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2025

A Microfluidic Platform for Stimulating Chondrocytes with Dynamic Compression
07:23

A Microfluidic Platform for Stimulating Chondrocytes with Dynamic Compression

Published on: September 13, 2019

6.6K

Chondrocyte deformation during the unloading phase of cyclic compression loading.

Baaba S Otoo1, Eng Kuan Moo2, Amin Komeili1

  • 1Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.

Journal of Biomechanics
|June 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Dynamic compression causes transient cell volume changes in cartilage, revealing distinct cellular responses compared to static loading. This highlights the importance of dynamic mechanical cues in cell adaptation.

Keywords:
Cell shapeCell volumeChondrocytesCyclic loadingMultiphoton laser microscopy

More Related Videos

Mechanical Stimulation of Chondrocyte-agarose Hydrogels
12:45

Mechanical Stimulation of Chondrocyte-agarose Hydrogels

Published on: October 27, 2012

11.7K
Real-time Visualization and Analysis of Chondrocyte Injury Due to Mechanical Loading in Fully Intact Murine Cartilage Explants
08:42

Real-time Visualization and Analysis of Chondrocyte Injury Due to Mechanical Loading in Fully Intact Murine Cartilage Explants

Published on: January 7, 2019

6.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2025

A Microfluidic Platform for Stimulating Chondrocytes with Dynamic Compression
07:23

A Microfluidic Platform for Stimulating Chondrocytes with Dynamic Compression

Published on: September 13, 2019

6.6K
Mechanical Stimulation of Chondrocyte-agarose Hydrogels
12:45

Mechanical Stimulation of Chondrocyte-agarose Hydrogels

Published on: October 27, 2012

11.7K
Real-time Visualization and Analysis of Chondrocyte Injury Due to Mechanical Loading in Fully Intact Murine Cartilage Explants
08:42

Real-time Visualization and Analysis of Chondrocyte Injury Due to Mechanical Loading in Fully Intact Murine Cartilage Explants

Published on: January 7, 2019

6.8K

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Cell volume and shape dynamics are crucial for cellular mechanotransduction and adaptation.
  • Understanding cellular responses to mechanical loading is vital for physiological and pathological contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of dynamic cyclic compression on cell volume and shape changes in cartilage.
  • To compare dynamic loading responses with static loading conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a custom platform for simultaneous loading and imaging of cartilage tissue.
  • Applied 100 cycles of dynamic cyclic compression.
  • Measured cell volume and shape alterations during unloading phases at specific time points.

Main Results:

  • Observed a transient 13% decrease in cell volume during early loading cycles.
  • Cell volume gradually recovered to baseline levels after approximately 20 cycles.
  • Dynamic loading elicited significantly different cell volume and shape responses compared to static loading.

Conclusions:

  • Cells exhibit a temporal volume response to dynamic mechanical stimuli, suggesting active volume regulation mechanisms.
  • Cartilage cells perceive and respond differently to dynamic versus static mechanical cues.
  • Dynamic loading environments are significant and should be considered in cellular mechanics studies.