Caring for sexual and gender minority patients with genitourinary cancer: A primer for inclusive practices

Recognizing sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) is paramount in the management of genitourinary cancers, as sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals encounter unique healthcare challenges leading to disparities. SGM patients often confront systemic barriers, provider biases, and scarcity of tailored resources, resulting in diminished satisfaction and adverse health outcomes. The evaluation and treatment of genitourinary cancers in SGM patients demand a nuanced, multidisciplinary approach that focuses on the unique health determinants often overlooked by the healthcare system. This review highlights recommendations for the inclusivity of SGM patients within the clinic, from inclusive signage to gender inclusive language. For the evaluation and treatment of SGM patients with genitourinary cancers, it is recommended to employ organ-based language, to utilize validated questionnaires encompassing mental health, sexual behavior, and patient-reported outcomes, and to provide timely referrals to social work and onco-fertility when appropriate. Ultimately, approaching inclusivity through education targeted at both SGM patients and healthcare providers is pivotal for centering care around the patient, improving the quality of life and outcomes for SGM patients facing genitourinary cancers.