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Related Concept Videos

Hearing01:31

Hearing

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When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
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Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

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Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
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Sound Waves: Interference00:53

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Sound waves can be modeled either as longitudinal waves, wherein the molecules of the medium oscillate around an equilibrium position, or as pressure waves. When two identical waves from the same source superimpose on each other, the combination of two crests or two troughs results in amplitude reinforcement known as constructive interference. If two identical waves, that are initially in phase, become out of phase because of different path lengths, the combination of crests with troughs...
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The Auditory Ossicles01:11

The Auditory Ossicles

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The auditory ossicles of the middle ear transmit sounds from the air as vibrations to the fluid-filled cochlea. The auditory ossicles consist of two malleus (hammer) bones, two incus (anvil) bones, and two stapes (stirrups), one on each side. These bones develop during the fetal stage and are the ones to ossify first. They are fully mature at birth and do not grow afterward.
The aptly named stapes look very much like a stirrup. The three ossicles are unique to mammals, and each plays a role in...
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Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

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The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
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Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings II: Auscultation01:25

Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings II: Auscultation

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Auscultation, an essential part of a heart examination, is done using a stethoscope. It provides crucial information about heart function and possible heart problems. Due to heart problems, abnormal sounds can be heard during systole or diastole. These sounds include S3 and S4 gallops, opening snaps, systolic clicks, and murmurs.
Abnormal Heart Sounds
Gallops:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
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Chapter 2: My Hearing Aid Isn't Working Like It Used to….

Lori Zitelli1, Catherine Palmer1

  • 1Communication Science and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Seminars in Hearing
|June 10, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This chapter explains how to use test box measurements to diagnose hearing aid problems based on patient complaints. It reviews American National Standard Institute guidelines for accurate hearing aid testing.

Keywords:
ANSI Hearing Aid Standardbattery drainhearing aid gainhearing aid troubleshootingtotal harmonic distortion

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Hearing Instrument Science

Background:

  • Patient complaints are crucial for identifying hearing aid malfunctions.
  • Standardized testing procedures are essential for accurate diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To guide hearing healthcare professionals in using test box measures.
  • To correlate patient-reported issues with objective hearing aid performance data.

Main Methods:

  • Review of American National Standard Institute (ANSI) guidelines for hearing aid test box measurements.
  • Application of test box data to address specific patient complaints.

Main Results:

  • Test box measurements provide objective data to support clinical decision-making.
  • Data aids in identifying and resolving hearing aid issues.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating patient complaints with ANSI-standardized test box measures enhances diagnostic accuracy.
  • This approach optimizes hearing aid troubleshooting and patient care.