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Area of Science:

  • High Energy Physics
  • Particle Physics
  • Cosmology

Background:

  • Lorentz invariance (LV) is a cornerstone of modern physics, but theories beyond the Standard Model explore potential violations.
  • The Standard Model Extension (SME) provides a framework to parametrize and search for these LV effects.
  • Photon production at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) offers a sensitive probe for new physics phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present new calculations for photon decay into fermion pairs in a vacuum with isotropic LV.
  • To interpret LHC Run 2 data on inclusive prompt photon production using these calculations.
  • To establish stringent constraints on the isotropic LV coefficient.

Main Methods:

  • Performed new theoretical calculations for photon decay kinematics under isotropic LV.
  • Analyzed LHC Run 2 data for inclusive prompt photon production up to 2.5 TeV transverse energy.
  • Interpreted the experimental results within the Standard Model Extension framework.

Main Results:

  • Established a lower bound of κ[over ˜]_{tr}>-1.06×10^{-13} on the isotropic LV coefficient at 95% confidence level.
  • This bound represents a significant improvement, a factor of 55 better than previous limits from hadron colliders.
  • The calculations also show potential for constraining LV coefficients through fermion pair production.

Conclusions:

  • The LHC Run 2 prompt photon production data provides the strongest constraint to date on isotropic Lorentz invariance violation.
  • These findings highlight the power of high-energy collider data in testing fundamental physics principles.
  • The developed theoretical framework has broader applications for constraining other LV coefficients.