Multiphoton Atom Interferometry via Cavity-Enhanced Bragg Diffraction

Area of Science:

• Atomic physics
• Gravitational wave detection
• Inertial sensing

Background:

• Atom interferometers are sensitive tools for precision measurements.
• Detecting gravitational strain, especially in horizontal directions, presents significant challenges.
• Optical resonators can enhance atom interferometer sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel atom interferometer configuration for measuring horizontal gravitational strain.
• To combine large momentum transfer techniques with optical resonator enhancement.
• To demonstrate inertial sensitivity in horizontal directions.

Main Methods:

• Utilized Bragg diffraction for large momentum transfer (up to 8ℏk).
• Employed an optical resonator with a large resonating beam waist for optical gain.
• Developed an original resonator design that avoids trapping atoms in cavity modes.
• Measured inertial sensitivity by detecting changes in resonator tilt.

Main Results:

• Achieved significant momentum transfer (8ℏk) with milliwatt-level optical power.
• Demonstrated horizontal inertial sensitivity using the novel resonator design.
• Successfully measured resonator tilt changes, indicating sensitivity to gravitational strain.

Conclusions:

• The developed atom interferometer configuration is a promising tool for measuring horizontal gravitational strain.
• This approach paves the way for future hybrid atom-optical gravitational wave detectors.
• The method's versatility supports various measurement geometries and atomic sources for advanced inertial sensors.