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This study classifies scalar field theories with double copy formulations, identifying key building blocks. This leads to a novel gauged nonlinear sigma model and a new theory related to Lovelock invariants.

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Area of Science:

  • Theoretical Physics
  • High Energy Physics
  • String Theory

Background:

  • Scalar field theories are fundamental in physics.
  • Double copy formulations relate gauge theories to gravity.
  • Understanding these structures is key to unifying theories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically classify scalar field theories admitting a double copy.
  • To identify fundamental building blocks for amplitudes at four- and five-point.
  • To construct novel single copy and double copy theories.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic classification of scalar field theories.
  • Amplitude analysis using bootstrap techniques.
  • Identification of building blocks for scattering amplitudes.

Main Results:

  • Identified two building blocks at four-point and 13 at five-point.
  • Constructed a single copy theory: a gauged nonlinear sigma model.
  • Discovered a novel double copy theory involving Lovelock invariants, Dirac-Born-Infeld, and special Galileon models.

Conclusions:

  • The identified building blocks naturally lead to new theories.
  • The novel theories exhibit hybrid nonlinear symmetries and distinct soft behaviors.
  • This work provides a new framework for constructing and understanding field theories.