The Modified Frailty Index Predicts Major Complications in Oncoplastic Reduction Mammoplasty

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Surgical Oncology
• Plastic Surgery

Background:

• Surgical risk stratification is crucial for patient selection and preoperative counseling.
• The Modified Frailty Index (mFI) is a validated tool for predicting surgical complications.
• The utility of the mFI in oncoplastic reductions (OCR) has not been previously investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the effectiveness of the Modified Frailty Index (mFI) in predicting complications after oncoplastic reductions (OCR).
• To determine the association between mFI scores and major complication rates in patients undergoing OCR.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective review of 547 patients who underwent OCR between 1998 and 2020.
• Calculation of the mFI for each patient based on hypertension, COPD, CHF, diabetes, and functional status.
• Analysis of the primary outcome: development of surgical complications, with a focus on major complications.

Main Results:

• Higher mFI scores were significantly associated with an increased risk of major complications (P < 0.05).
• Patients with elevated mFI scores (>0) had a 2.2 times higher relative risk of major complications.
• Neither age, BMI, nor resection weight were associated with complication rates in this cohort.

Conclusions:

• The mFI is a valuable and easily calculable tool for risk stratification in patients undergoing OCR.
• Elevated mFI scores indicate a higher likelihood of major complications in OCR patients.
• Further research in high-risk populations is recommended to strengthen the applicability of the mFI in OCR.