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Related Concept Videos

Distributed Loads01:19

Distributed Loads

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Distributed loads are a common type of load that engineers and scientists encounter in various practical situations. Distributed loads often refer to a type of load spread over a surface or a structure and can be modeled as continuous force per unit area.
For example, consider a bookshelf filled with books stacked vertically adjacent to each other. The weight of the books is evenly distributed over the length of the shelf. As a result, the pressure at different locations on the surface of the...
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Distribution Reliability and Automation01:25

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Distribution reliability in electrical power systems is critical for ensuring an uninterrupted power supply to consumers at minimal cost. According to IEEE Standard Terms, reliability is the probability that a device will function without failure over a specified time period or amount of usage. For electric power distribution, this translates to maintaining continuous power supply and addressing customer concerns over power outages. Several indices, as defined by IEEE Standard 1366-2012, are...
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Conservation of AC Power01:15

Conservation of AC Power

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The principle of power preservation is applicable to both ac and dc circuits. This principle, when applied to AC power, asserts that the complex, real, and reactive powers produced by the source are equal to the total complex, real, and reactive powers absorbed by the loads. When two load impedances are connected in parallel to an ac source V, the complex power provided by the source can be calculated using the relation
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Energy Losses in Transformers01:21

Energy Losses in Transformers

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In an ideal transformer, it is assumed that there are no energy losses, and, hence, all the power at the primary winding is transferred to the secondary winding. However, in reality,  the transformers always have some energy losses, and, hence, the output power obtained at the secondary winding is less than the input power at the primary winding due to energy losses.
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Maximum Power Flow and Line Loadability01:23

Maximum Power Flow and Line Loadability

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The maximum power flow for lossy transmission lines is derived using ABCD parameters in phasor form. These parameters create a matrix relationship between the sending-end and receiving-end voltages and currents, allowing the determination of the receiving-end current. This relationship facilitates calculating the complex power delivered to the receiving end, from which real and reactive power components are derived.
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Applying the conservation of energy principle or the work-energy theorem to an incompressible, inviscid fluid in laminar, steady, irrotational flow leads to Bernoulli's equation. It states that the sum of the fluid pressure, potential, and kinetic energy per unit volume is constant along a streamline.
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E2SVM: Electricity-Efficient SLA-aware Virtual Machine Consolidation approach in cloud data centers.

Vaneet Kumar1, Aleem Ali1, Payal Mittal2

  • 1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, India.

Plos One
|June 10, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new algorithm for virtual machine (VM) consolidation in cloud data centers. It reduces energy consumption and minimizes service level agreement (SLA) violations by intelligently selecting VMs for migration.

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Environmental Sustainability
  • Cloud Computing

Background:

  • Cloud data centers consume significant energy, challenging environmental sustainability.
  • Energy management solutions like virtual machine (VM) consolidation can degrade performance and violate service level agreements (SLAs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel VM consolidation algorithm balancing energy efficiency and SLA adherence.
  • To address limitations of conventional algorithms in VM selection and migration.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the E2SVM algorithm for VM consolidation.
  • E2SVM selects VMs with high load fluctuations and minimal resource usage from overloaded servers.
  • VMs are placed on normally loaded servers using a stability index, preventing server underutilization.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a 12.9% decrease in maximum energy consumption compared to the minimum migration time policy.
  • Observed a 47% reduction in SLA violations using medium absolute deviation for overload detection.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed E2SVM algorithm effectively minimizes energy waste in cloud data centers.
  • This approach maintains low SLA violations, showing promise for real-world applications.