Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Exercise and Muscle Performance01:27

Exercise and Muscle Performance

1.4K
Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
1.4K
Isotonic and Isometric Muscle Contractions01:22

Isotonic and Isometric Muscle Contractions

3.0K
Two primary types of muscle contractions are isotonic and isometric, each serving unique functions and involving distinct mechanisms. Both isotonic and isometric contractions are integral to the body's complex system of movement and stability. Isotonic exercises contribute significantly to functional strength and movement, while isometric contractions are crucial for maintaining posture and joint stability.
Isotonic contractions
Isotonic contractions occur when a muscle changes length while...
3.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ultrasound Muscle Thickness Is a Poor Index of Criterion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures of Resistance Training-Induced Muscle Growth.

Medicine and science in sports and exercise·2026
Same author

Age-related differences in motor unit discharge rate modulation across contraction levels.

GeroScience·2026
Same author

Classifying Endurance Runners by Kinematics Strengthens Relationships of Muscle-Tendon Unit Function with Running Economy and Performance.

Medicine and science in sports and exercise·2026
Same author

Intimacy, rites and nuances: An in-depth discussion of the complexities and considerations in voluntary assisted dying in a UK and Australian context.

Future healthcare journal·2026
Same author

Minimal Clinically Importance Difference and Substantial Clinical Benefit in Total Knee Arthroplasty: Delayed Achievers and Maintaining Improvement.

The Journal of arthroplasty·2026
Same author

Hypertrophic Effects of Single- versus Multi-Joint Exercise: A Direct Comparison between Knee Extension and Leg Press.

Medicine and science in sports and exercise·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations
07:30

Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations

Published on: May 1, 2018

15.3K

Hamstrings Hypertrophy Is Specific to the Training Exercise: Nordic Hamstring versus Lengthened State Eccentric

Sumiaki Maeo, Thomas G Balshaw, Darren Z Nin

  • 1School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UNITED KINGDOM.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|June 10, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Lengthened state eccentric training (LSET) significantly enhanced hamstring and biceps femoris long head (BFlh) muscle size and strength more than Nordic hamstring training (NHT). LSET may offer superior protection against hamstring injuries in athletes.

More Related Videos

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People
12:59

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People

Published on: July 5, 2017

12.6K
Induction and Assessment of Exertional Skeletal Muscle Damage in Humans
08:33

Induction and Assessment of Exertional Skeletal Muscle Damage in Humans

Published on: December 11, 2016

7.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations
07:30

Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations

Published on: May 1, 2018

15.3K
Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People
12:59

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People

Published on: July 5, 2017

12.6K
Induction and Assessment of Exertional Skeletal Muscle Damage in Humans
08:33

Induction and Assessment of Exertional Skeletal Muscle Damage in Humans

Published on: December 11, 2016

7.5K

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Hamstring muscles are vital for sprinting but prone to strain injuries, especially the biceps femoris long head (BFlh).
  • Eccentrically focused training is proposed to enhance muscle adaptations and injury prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effects of two distinct eccentric training programs on hamstring muscle adaptations.
  • To evaluate the impact of Nordic hamstring training (NHT) versus lengthened state eccentric training (LSET) on muscle size, strength, and BFlh aponeurosis area.

Main Methods:

  • Forty-two healthy males were divided into LSET, NHT, or control (CON) groups for 12 weeks.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessed muscle volume and BFlh aponeurosis area.
  • Maximum knee flexion torque was measured eccentrically, concentrically, and isometrically.

Main Results:

  • LSET demonstrated superior increases in overall hamstring muscle volume (+18% vs. +11% for NHT) and BFlh muscle volume (+19% vs. +5% for NHT).
  • LSET also yielded greater BFlh aponeurosis area growth (+9% vs. +3% for NHT).
  • Distinct hypertrophy patterns emerged: LSET favored muscles that also extend the hip, while NHT favored those that do not.

Conclusions:

  • LSET is more effective than NHT for inducing hamstring and BFlh muscle hypertrophy.
  • These findings suggest LSET may offer enhanced benefits for sprint performance and hamstring injury prevention compared to NHT.