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Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

14.3K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

17.1K
Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
17.1K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

26.3K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
26.3K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

8.5K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
8.5K
Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

23.8K
An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
23.8K

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Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Quantitative Atomic-Site Analysis of Functional Dopants/Point Defects in Crystalline Materials by Electron-Channeling-Enhanced Microanalysis
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Quantitative Atomic-Site Analysis of Functional Dopants/Point Defects in Crystalline Materials by Electron-Channeling-Enhanced Microanalysis

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Superionic Conduction in K3SbS4 Enabled by Cl-Modified Anion Lattice.

Yudan Chen1, Pengbo Wang1, Erica Truong1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|June 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new solid electrolyte, K2.98Sb0.91S3.53Cl0.47, for solid-state potassium batteries. This material exhibits high ionic conductivity at room temperature, making it a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries.

Keywords:
39K NMRenergy storagepotassium batteriespotassium ion transportsolid electrolytes

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

  • All-solid-state potassium batteries offer a sustainable alternative to lithium batteries due to potassium's abundance.
  • Efficient solid electrolytes (SEs) with high ionic conductivity are crucial for advancing potassium battery technology.
  • Current non-oxide potassium SEs often exhibit limited room-temperature ionic conductivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a novel non-oxide potassium solid electrolyte with enhanced ionic conductivity.
  • To investigate the ion transport mechanisms in the newly developed potassium solid electrolyte.
  • To evaluate the potential of the synthesized material for application in all-solid-state potassium batteries.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of K2.98Sb0.91S3.53Cl0.47 via a solid-state reaction route.
  • Ionic conductivity measurements at room temperature.
  • Solid-state 39K magic-angle-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) spectroscopy.
  • Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a room-temperature ionic conductivity of 0.32 mS/cm for K2.98Sb0.91S3.53Cl0.47, an improvement of over two orders of magnitude compared to the parent compound.
  • Observed a low activation energy of 0.26 eV, indicating efficient ion transport.
  • NMR and AIMD studies revealed increased mobile K+ ion population, fast K+ dynamics, delocalized K+ density, and enhanced K+ diffusion.

Conclusions:

  • Diversifying the anion sublattice is an effective strategy for enhancing ionic transport in potassium solid electrolytes.
  • K2.98Sb0.91S3.53Cl0.47 demonstrates the highest reported ionic conductivity for non-oxide potassium SEs.
  • This material shows significant promise as a solid electrolyte for next-generation all-solid-state potassium batteries.