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Preoperative Oral Carbohydrates for Children: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Yan Li1, Luxi Chen1, Yang Su1

  • 1SICU, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Biological Research for Nursing
|June 11, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Preoperative oral carbohydrate (CHO) administration in children before surgery is safe and effective, reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting. Further research is needed to fully understand its role in surgical care.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Anesthesiology
  • Clinical Nutrition

Background:

  • Inconsistent findings exist regarding the use of preoperative oral carbohydrates (CHO) in pediatric surgical patients.
  • A comprehensive meta-analysis is needed to clarify the efficacy and safety of preoperative CHO in children.
  • Establishing evidence-based guidelines for clinical nursing and surgical practices is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of preoperative oral carbohydrate (CHO) administration in children undergoing surgery.
  • To provide a reliable reference for clinical decision-making in pediatric surgical care.
  • To synthesize current evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on this topic.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across multiple databases including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to April 12, 2024.
  • Nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 1279 children were included in the meta-analysis.
  • Data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software, with Egger regression analysis used to assess publication bias.

Main Results:

  • Preoperative oral CHO administration significantly increased gastric juice pH and reduced intraoperative sedation scores.
  • A notable decrease in the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was observed in the CHO group.
  • No significant differences were found in residual gastric volume (RGV) or postoperative blood glucose levels between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Oral carbohydrate administration prior to surgery is a safe and feasible intervention for pediatric patients.
  • The findings suggest benefits in terms of reduced nausea and vomiting, and improved intraoperative sedation.
  • Further high-quality research with larger sample sizes is recommended to solidify the role of preoperative CHO in pediatric surgical protocols.

Keywords:
carbohydratescarechildrenmanagementnursingpreoperative

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