Cardiovascular mortality among patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a population-based study

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Cardiology
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a common non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
• Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a known complication in cancer patients.
• Understanding CVD mortality in DLBCL is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate cardiovascular mortality risk in DLBCL patients.
• To analyze trends in cardiovascular mortality over recent decades in the US.
• To identify prognostic factors for cardiovascular mortality in DLBCL.

Main Methods:

• Utilized data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (1975-2019).
• Included adult patients diagnosed with DLBCL.
• Employed standardized mortality ratio, joinpoint regression, and competing risk models.

Main Results:

• Observed 4167 (8.3%) cardiovascular deaths among 49,918 DLBCL patients.
• Cardiovascular mortality was 1.22 times higher than expected.
• Incidence-based cardiovascular mortality increased by 0.98% annually (1985-2019), particularly in those <75 years.
• Older age, male sex, earlier diagnosis, lower tumor stage, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery were associated with poorer cardiovascular outcomes.

Conclusions:

• DLBCL patients face elevated cardiovascular mortality risk.
• Cardiovascular mortality rates have been increasing, especially in younger populations.
• Treatment modalities and patient factors significantly influence cardiovascular mortality in DLBCL.