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Demographic Profile and Etiology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Zaria, Northern Nigeria

Muhammad Manko1, Mansur Femi Mohammed2, Maryam Shehu Ahmed1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University and Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria.

Nigerian Medical Journal : Journal of the Nigeria Medical Association
|June 12, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) predominantly affects males aged 40-49. Viral hepatitis, especially Hepatitis B virus (HBV), is the primary cause of HCC in this patient cohort.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant global health concern and a leading cause of cancer mortality.
  • Understanding the demographic and etiological factors of HCC is crucial for targeted prevention and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the age and gender distribution of HCC patients at a specific medical center.
  • To investigate the contribution of viral hepatitis (Hepatitis B and C) and alcohol consumption to the etiology of HCC in the studied population.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis of 87 HCC patients treated at the gastroenterology unit of ABUTH from April 2015 to September 2018.
  • Data collection included patient demographics (age, gender), serological markers for Hepatitis B (HBsAg) and Hepatitis C (HCV antibody), and history of alcohol consumption.

Main Results:

  • The study included 68 males (78.2%) and 19 females (21.8%), with a mean age of 46.7 years.
  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was the most prevalent risk factor, with 55.2% of patients testing positive for HBsAg.
  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies were found in 16.1% of patients, and significant alcohol ingestion was noted in 4.6%.

Conclusions:

  • HCC in this cohort was predominantly observed in males within the 40-49 age bracket.
  • Viral hepatitis, particularly HBV, emerged as the leading etiological factor contributing to HCC development among the studied patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
AgeAlcoholHepatitis B and CPrimary Liver Cell CarcinomaSex

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