Preparation and efficacy of antibacterial methacrylate monomer-based polymethyl methacrylate bone cement containing

Rui Guo1,2, Yu-Chen Kan1,2, Yang Xu3

  • 1Department of Orthopedics, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.

Abstract

Insights

A new polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement incorporating N-halamine compounds shows excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. This novel PMMA bone cement also demonstrates good biocompatibility for potential clinical applications.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Infectious Disease Research

Background:

  • Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement is widely used in orthopedic surgery.
  • Bacterial infections remain a significant complication following bone cement implantation.
  • There is a need for effective antibacterial bone cements to prevent and treat infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel PMMA bone cement with enhanced antibacterial properties.
  • To evaluate the material characteristics, antibacterial efficacy, and biocompatibility of the new bone cement.

Main Methods:

  • Formulation of PMMA bone cement with a halamine compound methacrylate containing an N-Cl bond.
  • Material characterization using FT-IR and 1H-NMR.
  • Assessment of antibacterial activity via contact and releasing-type bacteriostasis assays.
  • Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility in mice and MC3T3-E1 cells.

Main Results:

  • The novel PMMA bone cement demonstrated significant contact and releasing-type bacteriostatic performance against Staphylococcus aureus.
  • 100% bacteriostasis rates were achieved with 20% and 25% N-halamine compound additions.
  • PMMA bone cement with 5-15% N-halamine compounds exhibited good in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility.

Conclusions:

  • The novel N-halamine compound-containing PMMA bone cement possesses effective contact and releasing-type antibacterial properties against S. aureus.
  • A 15% N-halamine monomer concentration in PMMA bone cement provides strong antibacterial effects with favorable biocompatibility.
  • This innovative bone cement holds promise for reducing infection risks in orthopedic procedures.