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Inferior vena cava filter thromboprophylaxis in surgical cancer patients

  • 0Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Journal of Surgical Oncology +

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June 12, 2024

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June 12, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Inferior vena cava (IVC) filters used for thromboprophylaxis in surgical cancer patients showed minimal complications. These filters effectively reduced the incidence of pulmonary embolism (PE) in this high-risk population.

Area Of Science

  • Oncology
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Thromboprophylaxis

Background

  • Cancer patients undergoing surgery face a high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE).
  • Inferior vena cava (IVC) filters are utilized for thromboprophylaxis in select surgical populations.
  • Evaluating the efficacy and safety of IVC filters in cancer surgery is crucial.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To assess the utilization and clinical outcomes of IVC filters for perioperative thromboprophylaxis in cancer patients.
  • To determine the incidence of VTE and filter-related complications.
  • To identify risk factors associated with VTE and filter complications.

Main Methods

  • Single-center retrospective study of 252 surgical oncology patients receiving perioperative IVC filters.
  • Analysis of baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes, including VTE incidence and filter complications.
  • Statistical correlative analysis for risk factors of PE, DVT, filter thrombi, and mortality.

Main Results

  • 252 patients received IVC filters, with primary sites including spine, orthopedic, and genitourinary surgeries.
  • 15% experienced deep vein thrombosis (DVT) pre-retrieval; 2% suffered definitive pulmonary embolism (PE).
  • 36% of filters were retrieved, with a mean dwell time of 7.4 months and one retrieval complication.

Conclusions

  • Perioperative IVC filters in surgical cancer patients are associated with minimal complications.
  • The use of IVC filters in this cohort resulted in a low incidence of PE.
  • IVC filters represent a viable option for thromboprophylaxis in high-risk surgical cancer patients.

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