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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Three-Dimensional Printing of a Complex Aortic Anomaly
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Three-Dimensional Printing of a Complex Aortic Anomaly

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Manufacturing an artificial arterial tree using 3D printing.

Wisam S Hacham1, Ashraf W Khir2

  • 1Mechatronics Engineering Department, Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.

Heliyon
|June 13, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel 3D-printed artificial arterial tree (AAT) using silicone rubber. The AAT accurately mimics human arterial dimensions, enabling effective in-vitro testing of cardiac assist devices and hemodynamic investigations.

Keywords:
3D printingArtificial arterial treeCatalyst solidificationIn-vitro modelMock ciculatory loopSilicone rubber

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Artificial arterial trees (AATs) are crucial for studying cardiovascular mechanics and testing medical devices.
  • Previous AAT fabrication methods (dipping, painting) yielded inaccurate wall thickness and inconsistent dimensions.
  • Limitations in existing models hinder in-vivo-like investigations of complex cardiovascular states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a physiologically accurate 3D-printed artificial arterial tree (AAT).
  • To utilize 3D printing for precise fabrication of the largest 45 human arterial segments.
  • To create a cost-effective platform for testing mechanical cardiac assist devices and hemodynamic research.

Main Methods:

  • 3D printing was employed to manufacture the AAT using a silicone rubber (98%) and catalyst (2%) mixture.
  • The AAT was validated in a closed-loop hydraulic system with a piston pump simulating the heart and capillary tubes simulating arterial resistance.
  • Tensile testing was performed on various AAT segments to determine wall material properties (Young's modulus).

Main Results:

  • The 3D-printed AAT successfully replicated in-vivo-like pressure, diameter, and flow rate waveforms.
  • The fabrication technique resulted in accurate and consistent arterial wall thickness.
  • The developed model demonstrated physiological fidelity in its hydraulic performance.

Conclusions:

  • 3D printing offers a low-cost, accurate method for creating artificial arterial trees.
  • This novel AAT facilitates in-vitro testing of mechanical cardiac assist devices.
  • The model serves as a valuable tool for hemodynamic investigations and studying cardiovascular pathologies.