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The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from the skin...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

A Tuberculosis Molecular Bacterial Load Assay TB-MBLA

A Tuberculosis Molecular Bacterial Load Assay TB-MBLA

Published on: April 30, 2020

Bacterial load in meconium.

Wen-Yu Jin^1,2, Jing Peng³, Jinping Dai³

¹The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China.

|June 13, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Newborn gut bacteria composition is significantly impacted by delivery mode within 72 hours. Quantitative analysis of meconium and fecal samples revealed distinct bacterial abundances based on birth method.

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Last Updated: May 13, 2026

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Neonatal Health
Gut Microbiome Research

Background:

The early life gut microbiome plays a critical role in infant health and development.
Understanding the initial colonization of the infant gut is essential for identifying potential health risks.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantitatively analyze bacterial abundance in neonatal meconium and second-pass feces.
To investigate the influence of delivery mode on early gut bacterial composition.

Main Methods:

Utilized the spike-in plasmid method for relative and absolute quantification of bacteria.
Analyzed 17 meconium and 17 second-pass fecal samples.

Main Results:

Absolute bacterial abundance was 1.14 × 10^7 copies/g in meconium and 1.59 × 10^9 copies/g in second-pass feces.
Significant alterations and compositional differences in gut bacteria were observed within 72 hours post-birth.

Conclusions:

Delivery mode is a significant factor influencing neonatal gut bacterial composition and alterations.
Early life gut microbiome development is dynamic and influenced by environmental factors like delivery method.