Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...

X-ray Crystallography

X-ray Crystallography

The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...

Structures of Solids

Structures of Solids

Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...

Metallic Solids

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Identification and evaluation of citrus peel-derived polymethoxyflavonoids as natural SIRT1 activators.

Food chemistry·2026

Same author

Identification, functional characterization, and cryo-EM structural analysis of novel ferritin subunits in Turbo sazae.

The FEBS journal·2026

Same author

Quantitative Proteomic Profiling of Pinctada fucata Shell Nacre Defines a Solubility-Based Type Classification of Shell Matrix Proteins.

Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Same author

Postnatal Cytomegalovirus Infection in Preterm Infants ≤28 Weeks: Maternal IgG Effector Function, Risk Factors, Viral Kinetics in Relation to Symptom Onset, and Clinical Outcomes in a Prospective Multicenter Study.

The Journal of infectious diseases·2026

Same author

Septic Arthritis of the Left Ankle Caused by Brucella suis biovar 5: A Case Report.

Japanese journal of infectious diseases·2026

Same author

Rat-bite fever diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction of a bite-site crust specimen three weeks after exposure: a case report.

Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Atom Probe Tomography Analysis of Exsolved Mineral Phases

Atom Probe Tomography Analysis of Exsolved Mineral Phases

Published on: October 25, 2019

Stacking Structure of Vaterite Revealed by Atomic Imaging and Diffraction Analysis.

Taiga Okumura¹, Gen Takahashi¹, Michio Suzuki²

¹Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|June 13, 2024

Summary

Vaterite, a rare calcium carbonate polymorph, has a complex crystal structure. This study elucidates vaterite

Keywords:

ABF/ADF-STEM Biomineralization Crystal structure Diffraction analysis Vaterite

More Related Videos

Picometer-Precision Atomic Position Tracking through Electron Microscopy

Picometer-Precision Atomic Position Tracking through Electron Microscopy

Published on: July 3, 2021

Sub-nanometer Resolution Imaging with Amplitude-modulation Atomic Force Microscopy in Liquid

Sub-nanometer Resolution Imaging with Amplitude-modulation Atomic Force Microscopy in Liquid

Published on: December 20, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Atom Probe Tomography Analysis of Exsolved Mineral Phases

Atom Probe Tomography Analysis of Exsolved Mineral Phases

Published on: October 25, 2019

Picometer-Precision Atomic Position Tracking through Electron Microscopy

Picometer-Precision Atomic Position Tracking through Electron Microscopy

Published on: July 3, 2021

Sub-nanometer Resolution Imaging with Amplitude-modulation Atomic Force Microscopy in Liquid

Sub-nanometer Resolution Imaging with Amplitude-modulation Atomic Force Microscopy in Liquid

Published on: December 20, 2016

Area of Science:

Crystallography
Materials Science
Biomineralization

Background:

Anhydrous calcium carbonate exists as three polymorphs: calcite, aragonite, and vaterite.
Vaterite is a metastable phase, rarely found geologically but common in biominerals.
Understanding vaterite's structure is crucial for comprehending biomineralization.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the long-standing question of vaterite's crystal structure.
To determine the stacking sequence and atomic arrangement in vaterite.
To provide insights into vaterite's thermodynamic stability and biomineralization role.

Main Methods:

Combined atomic imaging and diffraction analysis.
Simulations of disordered stacking sequences.
Analysis of electron and X-ray diffraction patterns.

Main Results:

Proposed the actual crystal structure of vaterite.
Identified vaterite's layered structure of calcium and carbonate sheets.
Determined a predominant four-layer stacking sequence with specific rotations.
Replicated diffraction pattern intensity distributions through stacking characteristics.

Conclusions:

The crystal structure and stacking sequence of vaterite have been largely elucidated.
Findings offer insights into vaterite's thermodynamic stability.
Comprehension of biomineralization processes and calcium carbonate growth dynamics is enhanced.