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Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Vomiting01:22

Pathophysiology of Vomiting

387
Vomiting is a complex physiological response to expel harmful or irritating substances from the body. It's a defensive mechanism triggered by stimuli like poisons, microbial toxins, cytotoxic drugs, and mechanical abdominal distension. The process is centrally coordinated by the vomiting (or emetic) center located in the medulla of the brainstem. This area, rich in muscarinic M1, histamine H1, neurokinin 1 (NK1), and serotonin 5-HT3 receptors, coordinates the act of vomiting through...
387
Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:28

Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

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Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Acute Respiratory Failure-III01:30

Acute Respiratory Failure-III

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Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without...
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Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction01:22

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction

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Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
The location of esophageal perforation can vary, occurring anywhere along the esophagus....
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Equilibrium and Balance01:15

Equilibrium and Balance

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The inner ear assumes dual functionalities of auditory perception and equilibrium maintenance. The vestibule is the organ responsible for balance. This organ contains mechanoreceptors, specifically hair cells, endowed with stereocilia, which aid in deciphering information regarding the position and motion of our heads. Two intrinsic components, the utricle and saccule, help perceive head position, while the semicircular canals track head movement. Neurological messages initiated in the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2025

A Pediatric Concussion Model in Mice: Closed Head Injury with Long-Term Disorders (CHILD)
07:01

A Pediatric Concussion Model in Mice: Closed Head Injury with Long-Term Disorders (CHILD)

Published on: February 7, 2025

383

Child with Closed Head Injury and Persistent Vomiting.

Abdullah Khan1

  • 1Sidra Medical and Research Centre, Department of Emergency Medicine, Doha, Qatar.

Clinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine
|June 13, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A child with autism experienced persistent vomiting after a head injury. Abdominal imaging revealed ingested magnets causing internal fistulas, highlighting the need to consider intra-abdominal issues in such cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder

Background:

  • Vomiting after closed head injury (CHI) can indicate serious intracranial pathology.
  • Persistent vomiting warrants investigation for intra-abdominal causes, particularly in children with developmental challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of enteroenteric fistula caused by ingested magnets in a child with autism and CHI.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering unwitnessed foreign body ingestion in children with autism presenting with persistent vomiting post-CHI.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a six-year-old child with autism presenting with persistent vomiting after CHI.
  • Diagnostic imaging including head CT and abdominal radiography.
  • Surgical intervention for enteroenteric fistula secondary to magnet ingestion.

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An Investigation of the Effects of Sports-related Concussion in Youth Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Head Impact Telemetry System
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Development of an Uncomplicated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Model Modified by Weight-Drop Method and Evidenced by Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2025

A Pediatric Concussion Model in Mice: Closed Head Injury with Long-Term Disorders (CHILD)
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Published on: February 7, 2025

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An Investigation of the Effects of Sports-related Concussion in Youth Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Head Impact Telemetry System
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Development of an Uncomplicated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Model Modified by Weight-Drop Method and Evidenced by Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Development of an Uncomplicated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Model Modified by Weight-Drop Method and Evidenced by Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: April 11, 2025

229

Main Results:

  • Head CT was normal, ruling out intracranial hemorrhage.
  • Abdominal radiography revealed multiple ingested rare-earth magnets.
  • Enteroenteric fistula formation was identified as the cause of persistent vomiting.

Conclusions:

  • Persistent vomiting after CHI in children with autism necessitates a thorough evaluation for intra-abdominal pathology.
  • Rare-earth magnet ingestion can lead to severe complications like enteroenteric fistulas.
  • Developmentally challenged children are at higher risk for unwitnessed foreign body ingestions.