Salvage of difficult transplant complications by percutaneous techniques

The use of percutaneous endourological techniques is demonstrated in recipients of renal allografts. Transplant complications that previously had required prompt surgical intervention may be approached safely by the judicious use of percutaneous manipulations. While examples of perirenal hematoma, renal abscess, urinary fistula and renal pelvic stone extraction are presented, close patient observation and a low threshold for surgical intervention are recommended to permit the continued, safe evaluation of this approach.