Targeted Therapies in Low-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancers

Area of Science:

• Gynecologic Oncology
• Molecular Pathology
• Translational Medicine

Background:

• Low grade serous carcinoma (LGSC) of the ovary is now recognized as a distinct clinicopathologic entity separate from high grade serous carcinoma (HGSC).
• Molecular profiling has advanced the understanding of LGSC, revealing specific pathways and potential therapeutic targets.
• Traditional treatment paradigms for ovarian cancer require re-evaluation in the context of LGSC's unique biology.

Purpose of the Study:

• To delineate the distinct characteristics of LGSC compared to HGSC.
• To review current and emerging treatment strategies for LGSC, encompassing primary and recurrent settings.
• To highlight the role of molecular alterations in guiding therapeutic decisions for LGSC.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on LGSC, including molecular profiling studies and clinical trial data.
• Analysis of the established role of surgery and chemotherapy in LGSC management.
• Evaluation of hormonal therapy and novel targeted agents (MEK, CDK4/6, PI3KCA inhibitors) in LGSC.

Main Results:

• LGSC exhibits distinct molecular features from HGSC, influencing treatment response.
• Surgery remains a critical component for both primary and recurrent LGSC.
• Hormonal therapy demonstrates high response rates and tolerability in LGSC.
• Targeted therapies are emerging as promising options for recurrent LGSC.

Conclusions:

• LGSC requires tailored management strategies distinct from HGSC.
• Hormonal therapy is a valuable treatment option for LGSC.
• Targeted therapies and ongoing clinical trials offer future therapeutic avenues for LGSC based on molecular biomarkers.