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Updated: Jun 24, 2025
Author Spotlight: Advancing Alzheimer's Research – Exploring Early Detection and Multi-Omics Approaches
Published on: December 15, 2023
s2MRI-ADNet: an interpretable deep learning framework integrating Euclidean-graph representations of Alzheimer's
Zhiwei Song1, Honglun Li2, Yiyu Zhang1
1School of Computer and Control Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China.
Objective:
To establish a multi-dimensional representation solely on structural MRI (sMRI) for early diagnosis of AD.
Methods:
A total of 3377 participants' sMRI from four independent databases were retrospectively identified to construct an interpretable deep learning model that integrated multi-dimensional representations of AD solely on sMRI (called s2MRI-ADNet) by a dual-channel learning strategy of gray matter volume (GMV) from Euclidean space and the regional radiomics similarity network (R2SN) from graph space. Specifically, the GMV feature map learning channel (called GMV-Channel) was to take into consideration spatial information of both long-range spatial relations and detailed localization information, while the node feature and connectivity strength learning channel (called NFCS-Channel) was to characterize the graph-structured R2SN network by a separable learning strategy.
Results:
The s2MRI-ADNet achieved a superior classification accuracy of 92.1% and 91.4% under intra-database and inter-database cross-validation. The GMV-Channel and NFCS-Channel captured complementary group-discriminative brain regions, revealing a complementary interpretation of the multi-dimensional representation of brain structure in Euclidean and graph spaces respectively. Besides, the generalizable and reproducible interpretation of the multi-dimensional representation in capturing complementary group-discriminative brain regions revealed a significant correlation between the four independent databases (p < 0.05). Significant associations (p < 0.05) between attention scores and brain abnormality, between classification scores and clinical measure of cognitive ability, CSF biomarker, metabolism, and genetic risk score also provided solid neurobiological interpretation.
Conclusion:
The s2MRI-ADNet solely on sMRI could leverage the complementary multi-dimensional representations of AD in Euclidean and graph spaces, and achieved superior performance in the early diagnosis of AD, facilitating its potential in both clinical translation and popularization.
