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Allergic Conjunctivitis Management: Update on Ophthalmic Solutions
Andrea Leonardi1, Luigi Quintieri2, Ignacio Jáuregui Presa3
1Department of Neurosciences & Ophthalmology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy. andrea.leonardi@unipd.it.
Current Allergy and Asthma Reports
|June 13, 2024
Summary
Topical treatments for seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis (SAC and PAC) are crucial, but eye drop formulation impacts ocular surface health. Understanding these effects is key for effective allergy management.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Allergology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis (SAC and PAC) are common forms of ocular allergy (OA).
- These conditions are frequently underdiagnosed and undertreated, despite being IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions.
- Tear film disruption, exacerbated by inflammatory mediators, worsens symptoms and can damage the ocular surface.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an updated review of topical management strategies for SAC and PAC.
- To focus on the impact of ophthalmic solution formulations on the eye surface.
- To synthesize current scientific evidence on managing ocular allergies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of scientific evidence on topical treatments for SAC and PAC.
- Analysis of ophthalmic solution composition and additives.
- Evaluation of their effects on ocular surface physiology and tear film.
Main Results:
- Physicians must consider tear film integrity in SAC and PAC management.
- Eye drop composition, including additives, significantly affects the allergic eye's physiology.
- While first-line treatments like antihistamines are recommended, their formulations may cause ocular surface damage.
Conclusions:
- Awareness of tear film disruption and eye drop formulation is vital for treating ocular allergies.
- Comorbidities, especially dry eye disease, require consideration in patient management.
- Careful selection of topical therapies is necessary to avoid exacerbating ocular surface damage.
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