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Chemical Composition of Achillea millefolium L. and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity
Xinge Huang1,2, Nannan Xu1, Zhitao Liu1,2
1State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Key Laboratory of Plants Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Beijing Road 40-1, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, PR China.
Abstract:
A new monoterpene, (-)-10-hydroxydihydroactinidiolide (1), along with two known monoterpenes, loliolide (2) and (+)-isololiolide (3), three known megastigmanes, 3α-hydroxy-5β,6β-epoxy-β-ionone (4), 3α-hydroxy-5α,6α-epoxy-β-ionone (5), and (+)-dehydrovomifoliol (6), a eudesmane-type sesquiterpene, 4α-hydroxy-4β-methyldihydrocostol (7), a monoterpene, 8-hydroxycarvotanacetone (8), two flavonoids, chrysoeriol (9) and apigenin (10), and a phenylpropanoid, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanol (11), were isolated from the whole plant of Achillea millefolium. The structure of compound 1 was identified according to spectroscopic data of HRMS and NMR, and its absolute configuration was assigned by 13C NMR calculations with DP4+ probability analyses and ECD calculations. The absolute configuration of compound 6 was determined by ECD calculations. Compounds 3, 6, 9 and 10 could dose-dependently inhibit the NO release in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells.
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