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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Studying Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mice

Studying Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mice

Published on: August 2, 2024

Notum regulates the cusp and root patterns in mouse molar.

Dinuka Adasooriya¹, Ju-Kyung Jeong², Minjae Kyeong¹

¹Division of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.

Scientific Reports

|June 13, 2024

Summary

Notum protein, a Wnt inhibitor, is newly found in developing tooth enamel knots. Its absence causes abnormal tooth crown and root patterns by affecting enamel knot size during development.

Keywords:

Molar Morphogenesis Notum protein Tooth crown Tooth root Wnt signaling

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Last Updated: Jun 24, 2025

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Area of Science:

Developmental biology
Molecular signaling
Craniofacial development

Background:

Notum acts as a Wnt inhibitor in a negative feedback loop.
Notum is expressed in odontoblasts, and its deficiency causes dentin defects and irregular tooth roots.
The role of Notum in early tooth crown and root patterning is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the precise expression pattern of Notum during early tooth development.
To elucidate the role of Notum in regulating tooth crown and root patterns.

Main Methods:

Analysis of Notum expression in mouse tooth development.
Phenotypic analysis of Notum-deficient mice to observe tooth morphology.
Investigation of the Wnt/Notum signaling pathway in tooth morphogenesis.

Main Results:

Notum is newly identified in primary and secondary enamel knots (EKs) and dental papilla.
Notum deficiency leads to enlarged secondary EKs, broader cusp tips, and altered crown outlines.
Alterations in crown outline reduce cervical tongue length, causing root fusion in Notum-deficient mice.

Conclusions:

The Wnt/Notum negative feedback loop regulates secondary EK size.
Secondary EK size significantly impacts tooth crown and root patterning during morphogenesis.
Notum plays a critical role in establishing normal tooth morphology.