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A Piglet Model of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy
10:30

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Published on: May 16, 2015

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MRI Findings of COVID-19 Associated Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy in Two Pediatric Patients: Case Report and

Yoon Yeong Choi, Ha Young Lee, Myung Kwan Lim

    Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
    |June 14, 2024
    PubMed

    Insights

    Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE), a rare brain condition, can be associated with COVID-19 in children. This study highlights key MRI findings in pediatric patients with COVID-19-associated ANE.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Radiology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is a rare, immune-mediated neurological complication often following viral infections, primarily affecting children.
    • It characteristically involves bilateral thalamic lesions.

    Observation:

    • This report details the MRI findings in two pediatric patients diagnosed with COVID-19-associated ANE.
    • Both patients presented with fever and neurological symptoms (mental change and seizures).
    • Brain MRI revealed symmetrical thalamic lesions with high signal intensity on T2-FLAIR and central hemorrhage.

    Findings:

    • The thalamic lesions exhibited a characteristic trilaminar pattern on the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map in one patient.
    • The findings suggest bilateral thalamic hemorrhagic necrosis as a potential manifestation of ANE in COVID-19.

    Implications:

    • Highlights the importance of recognizing ANE in pediatric COVID-19 cases with severe neurological symptoms.
    • Emphasizes the need for increased awareness among clinicians regarding these specific neuroimaging findings.
    • Contributes to the understanding of rare neurological complications associated with coronavirus disease 2019.
    Keywords:
    Acute Necrotizing EncephalopathyBrain Magnetic Resonance ImagingCOVID-19Coronavirus Disease 2019Pediatric

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